Adding-machine.



No. 684,682. Patented Oct. l5. l90l. A. K. EBSLAND.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Feb. 4, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(N0 Model.)

III/N VENTOR ATTO v No. 634,632. Patented Oct. I5, 1901.

A. K. ERSLAND.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Lpplicltion filed Feb. 4, 1901.)

(No Modal.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.-

A Tron/v5 rs UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AMOS K. ERSLAND, OF FRUlTI-IURST, ALABAMA.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 684,682, dated October1 5, 190i. Application filed February 4,1901. Serial No. 45,902- (Nomodel.)

7 struct an adding-machine containing few parts and not liable to getout of order, the parts being so arranged that they will accuratelyperform their functions and also so that the numeral-wheels employed maybe operated from the exterior of the machine by a lead-pencil,pen-stock, pointer, or the like.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalvertical section through the machine, the section being taken betweenthe units and the tens wheels. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the units andtens wheels and the parts cooperating therewith. Fig. 4 is a view of theperiphery of an adding or numeral wheel laid straight. Fig. 5 is adetail perspective view of a spacing arm which is located between theadding-=wheels. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an actuatingarm carriedby the spacing-arm, and Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a portion of astick or pencil used in operating the device.

A represents a casing, which may be of any desired dimensions and shape,and at the front of the casing a convexed or circular section B isformed. In this convexed or circular section B slots 10 are produced,which extend from a point near the bottom of the convexed or circularsection to the top thereof, as is illustrated in Fig. 1. In the bottomportion of the oonvexed or circular section B of the casing, immediatelyto the left of the lower portion of each slot 10, an opening 11 is madein the casing, and at these openings 11 the sum-total is read. Theopenings 10 are of uniform width and length and are placed at equaldistances apart. Any desired number of these openings may be employed.In the drawings five are shown. Usually at the left-hand side of eachopening 10 numerals are produced upon the convexed or circular section Bof the casing, and these numerals read from 1 to 9; but a numeral doesnot appear at the bottom portions of the slots, as shown in Fig. 1, andthe numerals are spaced an equal distance.

A shaft 12 is journaled in the sides of the casing A at the convexedfront portion of said casing, as shown in Figs. '1 and 2, and on thisshaft 12 a series-of adding-wheels C is loosely mounted, theadding-wheels corresponding in number to the number of slots or openings10 in the convexed portion B of the casing. Each adding-wheel C at itsperiphery is provided with a tally-section 13 at the left and anoperating-section 14 at the right, the periphery being suitably dividedby the two sections. The operatingsections 14: of the adding-wheels,when the said wheels are properly placed in position in the casing A,appear opposite the openings or slots 10 in the convexed section B ofthe casing. At the tally-section of each adding-wheel series of numeralsare produced at regular inter vals apart, each series reading from O to9, and a proper number of such series are arranged on the tally-sectionof an addingwheel. These series are fully shown in Fig. 4, in which theperiphery of an adding-wheel is shown laid straight. At the operatingperipheral section of each addingovheel a se ries of depressions orrecesses 15 is produced, separated one from the other by transverse ordiametrical ribs, and said recesses or depressions l5 correspond inposition to the position of the numerals on the tally face or section ofan adding-wheel, as is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. These depressions appearat the openings or slots 10 in the casing, and any one of thetally-wheels may be turned by introducing the end of a lead pencil,pointer, or the like 16 into one of the depressions 15 and bearingdownward on the pencil, thus revolving the wheel in a downward directionuntil the pointer or pencil strikes the bottom of the slot 10, intowhich it was introduced. Preferably the pointer or pencil 16 is providedwith an elastic tip 17, secured thereto in any suitable or approvedmanner in order to prevent the pencil or tip from slipping as theelastic tip in the operation of the adding-wheel is brought in e11-gagement with the periphery of the same. Each adding-Wheel is providedat its lefthand side or the side which faces an adjoining adding-wheelwith pins 18, corresponding in number to the number of series ofnumerals on the tally-faces of the wheels, and these pins 18 are placedat equal distances apart below the numeral 5 in each series of numerals.

The adding-wheels O are spaced through the medium of arms D, which armsconsist of a forward body portion 19, having an opening 20 therein toloosely receive the shaft 12, and a thinner rear section 21, whichconstitutes a continuation of the left-hand face of the body=section 19,thus forminga shoulder 22 where the two sections of an arm 1) connect,and in this shoulder a recess 23 is produced at the upper portion of anarm D. Apertures 24 are produced in the side walls of the said recess,as is best shown in Fig. 5. At the rear end of each spacing-arm D anopening 25 is made, and these openings loosely receive a rod 26, whichextends from side to side of the casing A through vertical slots 27 madein said casing. Thus the rod 26 may be adjusted, and said rod is held inadjusted position by nuts 28, secured upon its outer end and havingbearing against the outer faces of the sides of the casing A, as isshown in Fig 1. The rod 26 is made adjustable, because it makes it moreconvenient in assembling the parts in the machine, and if for any reasonthe acti'iating-lever has to be adjusted the rod 26 has also to beadjusted, or the operation of the wheel by the key and by the carrierdevice would not be simultaneous, as after the rod is set one isdependent on the other. Each spacing-arm D carries an operating-arm E.One of these operating-arms is shown in detail in Fig. 6 and consists ofa forward body portion 29, which is pivotedin the recess 23 of aspacingarm D, the pivot-pin passing through the apertures 24: in thespacing-arm and an aperture at the forward portion of the operatingarm.Each operating-arm 29 is provided with a thinner rear section 30,continuous with the left-hand portion of the body-section 29, thusforming ashoulder 31 where the two sections are connected, and at therear end of the thinner section of each operating-arm a sleeve 32 isformed atits righthand side. Consequently a recess 33 is produced in theright-hand side of each operating-arm E between its sleeve 32 and itsshoulder 31. These recesses permitthe passage of the pins 18, carried bythe adding-wheels, and the said pins are adapted to turn an adjacentadding-wheel when a number is to be carried over. Aspindle 31 is passedthrough each sleeve 32 of each operating-arm E in direction of theleft-hand side of the operating-arm, as shown in i Fig. 3, and on eachspindle 34 a dog 35 is pivoted. These dogs are adapted to enter adepression or recess 15 in an adjacent left-hand adding-wheel, as isshown in Figs. 2 and 3. The dogs 35 are held in engagement with theperipheral surfaces of the adding-wheels by springs 36, (shown as coiledaround the spindles 34,) attached at one end to an operating-arm andhaving bearing at the opposite end upon a dog 35. Each operating-arm Eis rendered vertically adjustable by screwing a cap 36 upon a post 37,one of which posts is secured to each spacing-arm near its rear end, sothat the dogs 35 may be made to hear more or less forcibly on theadding-wheels and may be made to act more or less quickly to turn thesaid wheels, as at each upward movement of each operating-arm E the dog35, carried by that arm, will be made to ascend a su flicient distanceto turn the adding-wheel with which the arm engages a distance of aspace between two numerals, or the length of a depression 15 in theperiphery of the adding-wheel. As will be seen, the cap 36 moves eitherup or down; but this does not move the spacing-arm to which the post 37is secured. A stop-arm 38 is pivoted upon each spindle 3t, and, as shownin Fig. 2, each stop-arm extends down through an opening in a detent 39,one of said detents being provided for each of the adding-wheels. Thesedetents are pivoted at their rear ends to brackets 40 or theirequivalents, secured to the rear of the easing, and each detent at itsforward end is provided with an upwardly-extending toothed head all,Normally the detents 39 rest at their head portions upon blocks 12,secured to the bottom of the casing A, and in this position of thedetents the heads ll are out of engagement with the peripheral faces ofthe adding-wheels. Each stop-arm 38 is provided with an exterior thread43 below the detent through which it passes, and a nut 44 is screwedupon the said threaded surface.

In operation, the wheels being initially as shown at Fig. 1, wherein a 0"appears at each of the reading-openings 11, if it be desired to add 5and 7, for example, the pointer or pencil 16 is introduced in the recess15 of the units-wheel or the wheel at the right opposite the numeral5,and the units-wheel is i then carried downward until the numeral 5 onthe tally-face of the units-wheel appears at the right-handreading-opening 11, which will happen when the pointer strikes thebottom of the righthand slot 10. Next the pointer is introduced in therecess 15 of the units-wheel opposite the numeral 7 on the front of thecasing, and the units-wheel is then rotated until the pointer or pencilagain strikes the bottom of the slot 10, exposing therecessed portion ofthe units-wheel, and the numeral 2 will appear at the first righthandreading-opening 11. Five and seven added together will make twelve, andthe 1 is carried over to the tens wheel and will appear at the secondright-hand reading-opening ICO 11. This carrying over is accomplished bycausing the units-wheel to turn sufliciently to bring one of the pins 18in engagement with the shoulder 31 ot' the operating-arm E between theunits and tens wheels and raise the said operating-arm to such heightthat the dog 35 belonging to said arm will turn the tens-wheel one pointand cause the numeral 1 to appear at the second reading-opening at theright of the machine and, as has been stated, the total 12 will be readat the front of the machine. The adding is carried out in this manner onthe units-wheel when a number in units is to be added to another, butwhen a number in tens is to be added the units are counted on theunits-wheel and the tens on the tens-wheel, and this rule is preservedwhen units and hundreds are to be added. When an operating-arm E hasbeen raised sufficiently to move the adding-wheel with which its dogengages one point, the pin 18 of the adding-wheel engaging with theoperating-arm will clear the shoulder 31, and the said operating-arm maythen drop to its normal position, entering the next lower recess 15 inthe addingwheel, since the recess 33 in the operating-arm will permitthe arm to clear the pin with which it was in engagement. At the momentthat the operatingarm has been brought in position to move anadding-wheel the nut 44 of the stop-arm 38 will engage with the bottomof the detent 39 belonging to the adding-wheel which is turned, raisingthe said detent and causing the head thereof to enter one of the lowerrecesses or depressions 15 in the adding-wheel, and thus prevent thewheel from turning by momentum.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In an adding-machine, an adding-wheel having itsperiphery provided with a tally and an operating section, thetally-section having numerals produced thereon, an operating-arm, meanscarried by the wheel for actuating said arm, an adjustable support forthe operating-arm, and a dog carried by the operating-arm and adapted toengage recesses in the peripheral face of an adjoiningv adding-Wheel tomove the same, as specified.

2. In an adding-machine, an adding-wheel having its periphery providedwith a tally and an operating section, the tally-section having seriesof numerals produced thereon, and the operating-section havingdepressions corresponding in position to the numerals, pins located onone face of the wheel, one pin for each series of numerals, anoperatingarm pivoted at one end to a support located at one side of thewheel, the free end of the operating arm extending beyond the peripheralface of the wheel, and a dog carried at the free end of theoperating-arm and adapted to enter the recesses in the operating-sectionof an adjoining adding wheel, the said operating-arm being provided witha shoulder adapted to be engaged by the said pins, as set forth.

3. In an adding-machine, a shaft, addingwheels loosely mounted on saidshaft and provided with tally and operating sections, spacing-armsmounted on the shaft between the wheels, pins on said wheels extendingin direction of an adjoining wheel, operatingarms pivoted to saidspacing-arms, and adapted to be engaged and moved by the said pins, anda dog carried by each of the operatingarms and adapted to engage andmove an adjacent adding-wheel, substantially as specifled.

at. In an adding-machine, a shaft, addingwheels loosely mounted on saidshaft, the adding-wheels being provided with tally and operatingperipheral sections, the tally-sections of the wheels having series ofnumerals produced thereon, reading from O to 9 and theoperating-sections of the wheels being provided with depressionscorresponding in position to the position of the numerals, spacing-armslocated between the said wheels, pins projected from a face of the saidwheels in direction of an adjoining wheel, a pin being provided for eachseries of numerals, operating arms carried by the spacing-arms, adaptedto be raised by the said pins, and dogs carried by the operating-arms,adapted to enter the recesses in the peripheral surface of an adjacentadding-Wheel, as specified.

5. In an addingunachine, a shaft, addingwheels loosely mounted on saidshaft, the adding-wheels being provided with peripheral tally andoperating sections, the tally-sections of the wheels having series ofnumerals produced thereon reading from 0 to 9 and the operating-sectionsof the wheels being provided with depressions corresponding in positionto the position of the numerals, spacing-arms located between the saidwheels, pins projected from a face of the said wheels in direction of anadjoining wheel, a pin being provided for each series of numerals,operating-arms carried by the spacing-arms, adapted to be raised by thesaid pins, and dogs carried by the operating-arms and adapted to enterthe recesses in the peripheral surface of an adjacent adding-wheel,detents adapted to enter the depressions in the adding-wheels, andconnections between the detents and the operating-arms, said connectionsbeing so made that when the operating-arms are in their highest positionthe detents are carried by said arms into adjacent recesses in theadding-wheels, for the purpose set forth,

6. In an adding-machine, adding-wheels mounted to turn,pivotedoperating-arms,each provided with means for engaging and moving theadjoining wheel, means for actuating the operating-arms from the wheels,pivoted detents for the adding-wheels, and connections between thedetents and the operating arms, as set forth 7. In an adding-machine, ashaft, addingwheels loosely mounted on the shaft, spacing" arms locatedbetween the wheels, pins projecting from one face of the wheel,operatingarms pivoted at one end to the spacing-arms, and adapted to bemoved by the said pins, a dog carried by each operatingarm and adaptedto engage and move the adjacent wheel, detents pivoted at one end andadapted to engage recesses in the adding-wheels, the said detents beingnormally out of engagement with the wheels, stop-arms pivotallyconnected at one end with the operating-arms, the other ends of saidstop-arms extending through openings in the detents, and nuts on thesaid ends of the stop-arms, as set forth.

8. An adding-machine, comprising a casing having a curved portion at itsfront provided with slots 01' openings, a shaft journaled in the sidesof the casing, a series of adding Wheels loosely mounted on said shaftand corresponding in number to the slots or openings in the curvedportion of the casing, each Wheel being provided with a tally-sectionand an operating-section, the operating-sections being arranged oppositethe said slots in the casin g and provided with depressions, and thetally-sections having series of n umerals thereon, pins projected from aface of the Wheels in direction of an adjoining Wheel, spacing-armsmounted at one end on the shaft between the said wheels, arod passingthrough the other ends of the spacing-arms, the said rod extendingthrough slots in the sides of the casing, means for adjusting the saidrod, operating-arms carried by the spacing-arms and adapted to be raisedby the pins on the said wheels, and a dog carried by each of theoperating-arms and adapted to enter the re cesses in the peripheralsurface of an adjacent adding-wheel, substantiallyas specified.

9. In an adding-machine, an adding-wheel having its peripheral faceprovided with a tally and an operating section, an operatinga n1provided with means for engaging and moving the adjoining adding-wheel,a support to which the operating-arm is pivoted, means for actuating theoperating-arm from the wheel, a post secured to the support for theoperating-arm, and an adjustable cap on said post and on which theoperating-arm normally rests, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

AMOS K. ERSLAND.

Witnesses:

R. S. BLACKMARR, W. A. BLAcKnAnR.

